High blood pressure is often called a “silent” health problem because a person can have it without obvious symptoms.
That makes it particularly important because someone can feel completely normal while their blood pressure is elevated.
Zambia is currently strengthening efforts to understand and address noncommunicable diseases. In April 2026, Zambia launched a WHO STEPS survey designed to collect nationally representative information on NCD risk factors among adults aged 18 to 69. The survey includes factors such as physical inactivity, unhealthy diets, tobacco use and harmful alcohol use.
These factors matter because lifestyle and environmental conditions can influence the risk of developing chronic diseases.
Physical activity, for example, is associated with better cardiovascular health. WHO recommends that adults aged 18 to 64 undertake at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity across the week, or an equivalent amount of more vigorous activity.
Physical activity does not necessarily mean spending hours inside a gym.
Walking, cycling, sports, active travel and some household activities can contribute to overall physical activity.
Diet is another important part of the picture.
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WHO’s African Region identifies unhealthy diets and physical inactivity among major risk factors associated with the growing burden of noncommunicable diseases.
Weight is also part of the wider picture. WHO notes that overweight and obesity are major risk factors for conditions including type 2 diabetes and high blood pressure.
But one important point should not be forgotten: lifestyle is not the only factor.
Genetics, age, existing medical conditions and other circumstances can influence blood pressure.
That is why people should not attempt to diagnose high blood pressure based on how they feel.
The reliable way to know your blood pressure is to have it measured using an appropriate device.
For people who have already been diagnosed with hypertension, stopping prescribed medication simply because they feel well can be dangerous. Treatment decisions should be made with a healthcare professional.
As Zambia continues gathering national information on NCD risk factors, the wider conversation is becoming increasingly important.
The earlier people understand their risk factors and know their numbers, the more opportunity there is to address problems before they become more serious.
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